{"id":21355,"date":"2025-08-10T18:03:36","date_gmt":"2025-08-10T21:03:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/encodexa.com.br\/exames\/?p=21355"},"modified":"2025-08-03T18:41:52","modified_gmt":"2025-08-03T21:41:52","slug":"mutacoes-do-gene-kras","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/encodexa.com.br\/exames\/2025\/08\/10\/mutacoes-do-gene-kras\/","title":{"rendered":"Muta\u00e7\u00f5es do gene KRAS"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Muta\u00e7\u00f5es do gene KRAS<\/p>\n

KRAS\u00a0(Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) \u00e9 um gene que codifica uma prote\u00edna chamada\u00a0K-Ras, que atua como um interruptor molecular na via de sinaliza\u00e7\u00e3o celular denominada RAS\/MAPK, que \u00e9 fundamental para o controle de\u00a0crescimento, diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o e sobreviv\u00eancia celular.<\/p>\n

O KRAS codifica uma enzima (prote\u00edna) denominada GTPase\u00a0que alterna entre uma forma ativa da proteina, ligada ao GTP e inativa, ligada ao GDP. GTP \u00e9 o \u201cTrifosfato de Guanosina”, que \u00e9 uma mol\u00e9cula crucial para diversos processos celulares, atuando como um transportador de energia (semelhante ao ATP), e que pode ser hidrolisado (decomposto) para liberar energia alimentando diversas rea\u00e7\u00f5es celulares.<\/p>\n

As GTPases (como KRAS) s\u00e3o uma grande superclasse de enzimas hidrol\u00edticas, que catalisam a convers\u00e3o de GTP em GDP (difosfato de guanosina) e fosfato inorg\u00e2nico.<\/p>\n

Algumas prote\u00ednas s\u00e3o ativadas quando se ligam ao GTP (trifosfato de guanosina) e s\u00e3o desativadas quando hidrolisam o GTP em GDP.<\/p>\n

Assim, quando ativada, a prote\u00edna KRAS estimula a prolifera\u00e7\u00e3o celular, por\u00e9m, se houver muta\u00e7\u00e3o em KRAS, pode levar \u00e0\u00a0ativa\u00e7\u00e3o constitutiva, resultando em prolifera\u00e7\u00e3o celular descontrolada.<\/p>\n

As muta\u00e7\u00f5es em KRAS mais comuns ocorrem nos c\u00f3dons (fragmentos codificantes do gene)\u00a012, 13 e 61, e est\u00e3o associadas a diversos tipos de c\u00e2ncer, como c\u00e2ncer de pulm\u00e3o denominado \u201cde c\u00e9lulas n\u00e3o pequenas\u201d (NSCLC), c\u00e2ncer colorretal, c\u00e2ncer de p\u00e2ncreas e c\u00e2ncer endometrial, para citar alguns.\u00a0 Essas muta\u00e7\u00f5es est\u00e3o associadas \u00e0\u00a0resist\u00eancia a terapias\u00a0direcionadas (ex. anti-EGFR) e s\u00e3o de pior progn\u00f3stico.<\/p>\n

As implica\u00e7\u00f5es cl\u00ednicas em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s muta\u00e7\u00f5es de KRAS s\u00e3o diversas.\u00a0 Assim, o teste gen\u00e9tico\u00a0para muta\u00e7\u00f5es em KRAS \u00e9 comum antes de iniciar terapias-alvo, especialmente em c\u00e2ncer colorretal e de pulm\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Por outro lado muta\u00e7\u00f5es em KRAS G12C t\u00eam sido alvo de novas terapias, como Sotorasib ou Adagrasib que s\u00e3o \u00a0medicamentos usados no tratamento de certos tipos de c\u00e2ncer de pulm\u00e3o de c\u00e9lulas n\u00e3o pequenas inibindo a KRAS e impedindo a prolifera\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00e9lulas cancer\u00edgenas.<\/p>\n

Encodexa<\/a> e Genoa<\/a> s\u00e3o marcas LPCM.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Refer\u00eancias<\/p>\n

Cox AD, et al.\u00a0\u00a0Nat Rev Drug Discov.\u00a02014 Nov;13(11):828-51. doi:10.1038\/nrd4389.<\/em><\/p>\n

Moore AR, et al. Nat Rev Drug Discov.\u00a02020 Jan;19(8):533\u2013552. doi:10.1038\/s41573-020-0078-6.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) \u00e9 um gene que codifica uma prote\u00edna chamada K-Ras…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21363,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[221],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-21355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artigos"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMuta\u00e7\u00f5es do gene KRAS - Blog Encodexa .<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) \u00e9 um gene que codifica uma prote\u00edna chamada K-Ras (leia mais).\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/encodexa.com.br\/exames\/2025\/08\/10\/mutacoes-do-gene-kras\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Muta\u00e7\u00f5es do gene KRAS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) \u00e9 um gene que codifica uma prote\u00edna chamada K-Ras (leia mais).\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/encodexa.com.br\/exames\/2025\/08\/10\/mutacoes-do-gene-kras\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Econdexa - 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